Length of stayOperations
Midnights
Days counted at the midnight census, so a stay of 20 hours can count as one day or as none.
Hours
Hours from the admission order to discharge, the version patient-flow teams usually watch.
Observation in or out
Hours spent in observation before admission, counted by some reports and left out of others.
Average or geometric mean
The plain average, or the geometric mean used in payment benchmarks, which long stays pull up less.
The decision that settles itWhich clock starts the stay, do observation hours count, and which average do we report?
Sources: the clinical record, the bed board, finance, quality reporting.
Bed occupancyOperations
Licensed beds
Occupied beds against every bed the license allows, including beds with no staff.
Staffed beds
Against the beds that can take a patient today, which gives a much higher figure.
Midnight or hourly
A midnight snapshot, or the average across the day, which shows the afternoon peak.
Observation and boarders
Patients in observation, or boarding in the emergency department, counted or left out.
Worked example, illustrative: 230 patients in a hospital licensed for 300 beds and staffed for 250: occupancy is 77% against licensed beds and 92% against staffed beds.
The decision that settles itWhich beds are the denominator, and at what hour is the count taken?
Sources: the bed board, the clinical record, finance, state and federal reporting.
Denial rateRevenue cycle
Claims or dollars
The share of claims denied, or the share of billed dollars, which can tell different stories.
Initial or final
Denied on first submission, or still denied after rework and appeal.
Rejections in or out
Claims stopped by the clearinghouse before the payer sees them, counted as denials or not.
Which date
Counted by the date the claim was sent, or the date the remittance came back.
Worked example, illustrative: 1,000 claims sent in a month; 90 denied on first submission and 35 still denied after rework and appeal. The same month reports a 9% initial denial rate and a 3.5% final one.
The decision that settles itInitial or final, claims or dollars, and counted from which date?
Sources: the billing system, the clearinghouse, payer remittances, finance.
ReadmissionsQuality
All-cause
Any unplanned return within 30 days for any reason, often to your own hospital only.
The federal program measure
Specific conditions and procedures, planned readmissions excluded, and a return to any acute care hospital counted.
Exclusions
Transfers, patients who left against medical advice, and deaths handled differently from one report to the next.
The decision that settles itWhich stays count as the first admission, and does a return to another hospital count?
Sources: the clinical record, quality reporting, federal program reports, payer data.
Vacancy rateWorkforce
Positions or FTEs
Open positions counted one each, or the full-time equivalents they stand for.
Budgeted or posted
Budgeted FTEs not yet filled, or only the requisitions open today.
Agency cover
A post covered by agency or travel staff, counted as filled or as vacant.
The decision that settles itBudgeted FTEs or open requisitions, and does agency cover count as filled?
Sources: the people system, recruiting, the budget, scheduling.
OvertimeWorkforce
Hours or dollars
Overtime hours, or overtime pay, which the premium rate makes larger.
Worked or paid
A share of hours worked, or of hours paid, which includes paid time off.
Home unit or worked unit
Charged to the nurse’s home unit, or to the unit where the shift was worked.
Worked example, illustrative: 120 overtime hours in a unit that worked 2,000 hours and was paid for 2,240, including time off: 6.0% of worked hours, or 5.4% of paid hours.
The decision that settles itHours or dollars, as a share of worked or paid hours, and charged to which unit?
Sources: time and attendance, payroll, scheduling, finance.
Days in accounts receivableRevenue cycle
Gross or net
Receivables at full charges, or after contractual adjustments, which gives a very different number.
Which daily revenue
Divided by the average daily revenue of the last 90 days, the last three months or the year.
Credit balances and unbilled
Credit balances netted or not, and accounts not yet final-billed counted or not.
The decision that settles itGross or net, averaged over which period, and are unbilled accounts in?
Sources: the billing system, the general ledger, finance.